Baalei Teshuvah Today Letter from Jerusa
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In the aftermath of the 1973 Yom Kippur War and the unraveling of kibbutz socialist ideology, a wave of secular Israeli youth turned dramatically toward Orthodox Judaism, marking a distinct shift from traditional patterns of religious return. Unlike historical baalei teshuvah who rediscovered abandoned faith, these spiritual seekers emerged from completely secular backgrounds (tinok shenishbah), representing genuine religious conversion rather than return. Through ethnographic observation, case studies, and interviews with religious institutional leaders and newly observant individuals, the research maps three primary institutional responses to this phenomenon: Yeshivat Or Sameach's strict Orthodox approach, Yeshivat D'var Yerushalayim's mystical emphasis, and Makhon Meir's open enrollment format. While Orthodox institutions successfully channel this spiritual awakening, the absence of non-Orthodox alternatives creates a problematic binary between fundamentalism and secularism. This religious polarization reveals a crucial opportunity for Conservative Judaism to foster greater religious pluralism within Israeli society and provide alternative paths for spiritual exploration.

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Published 1976
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Theodore Friedman