On Translating Hazaz
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Translating Haim Hazaz's Hebrew prose demands extraordinary navigation of linguistic and cultural labyrinths, particularly evident in his novel *Daltot Nehoshet* (Gates of Brass). Two formidable challenges confront the translator: Hazaz's rich tapestry of Talmudic allusions and halakhic references—which defy direct English translation without extensive footnotes—and his masterful integration of Yiddish, Russian, and French elements into Hebrew prose. Through meticulous linguistic craftsmanship, Hazaz achieves a remarkable feat: creating the illusion of hearing original languages through Hebrew text, preserving the authentic voices of diverse speakers. Set during the first winter of the Russian Revolution when Hazaz was nineteen, *Gates of Brass* carries profound contemporary significance in its portrayal of modern Soviet Jewry's ancestors at a pivotal crossroads, as they chose between Bolshevik assimilationism, Zionist pioneering, and emigration. The translation methodology ultimately balanced selective preservation of Yiddish elements against necessary omission of untranslatable Talmudic references, exemplifying the complex negotiation required when transforming multilayered Hebrew literary works into English.

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Published 1973
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S. Levi