The Hebrew word כבוד (kavod) reveals a fascinating evolution from concrete to spiritual meaning, transforming from "physical weight" into a complex theological concept of honor that shapes Jewish understanding of both divine and human dignity. Through etymological and theological analysis following Franz Rosenzweig and Martin Buber's methodological approach, philological examination of biblical texts, rabbinic literature, and commentaries uncovers the "sinnlichen Urbedeutungen" (original sensual meanings) of the Hebrew root כבד. The investigation traces how the term expanded from denoting material heaviness to encompass valuable possessions, and ultimately evolved to express personal worth and divine manifestation. כבוד ה׳ (God's honor) emerges as both divine presence in sacred spaces and the totality of divine forces accessible to human experience, serving to establish and validate divine order. Human honor correlates directly with the soul, constituting the foundation of human dignity and moral obligation. Genuine honor transcends material wealth and social position, instead deriving from spiritual values and ethical conduct. The concept extends to collective honor, particularly Israel's chosenness through Torah, which provides enduring dignity despite historical persecution. The establishment of modern Israel represents a contemporary response to the quest for national honor and recognition among nations.