Jewish vigilantism in 1960s America emerged as a controversial response to perceived urban threats, yet the Jewish Defense League's armed patrols and militant tactics ultimately undermined both Jewish values and democratic principles. Through historical comparison with legitimate Jewish defense movements like the Selbstschutz and Haganah, this analysis reveals fundamental flaws in the JDL's self-proclaimed role as their successor within American democracy. The organization's core premise—that established Jewish organizations failed to protect American Jews—lacks empirical support, particularly given that studies consistently show African Americans among the least anti-Semitic groups in America. Examination of the JDL's activities, including political campaigns against Mayor Lindsay and paramilitary training programs, demonstrates how their vigilante approach intensified racial polarization rather than enhanced security. The organization's existence points to broader educational shortcomings within Jewish institutional life rather than genuine security needs. Addressing systemic urban problems, rather than employing vigilante tactics, offers a more effective and ethically sound path forward that preserves both Jewish values and democratic processes.