Jewish musical traditions, first systematically studied by A.Z. Idelsohn sixty years ago, exist as distinct regional dialects that challenge our understanding of cultural preservation and adaptation. Despite spanning three millennia and diverse geographical regions, these traditions reveal a complex pattern: while sharing significant characteristics with host cultures, they maintain unique features, particularly in religious contexts. Through systematic fieldwork, musicological analysis, and anthropological interpretation, this research demonstrates how Jewish communities have negotiated cultural boundaries across time and space. The Yemenite Jewish tradition serves as a crucial case study, unveiling previously unknown historical connections, cultural contacts, and migration patterns. A central tension emerges between Middle Eastern Jewish traditions, characterized by microtonal scales, maqamat, and distinctive vocal practices, and Western Jewish traditions employing diatonic-tempered systems and different formal structures. These musical systems prove largely incompatible through conventional synthesis methods, raising critical questions about acculturation and preservation. As cultural assimilation accelerates the disappearance of oral traditions, comprehensive documentation of Jewish musical practices worldwide becomes increasingly urgent, while new compositional approaches may offer solutions for integrating these divergent musical systems in contemporary contexts.