This scholarly correspondence from *Conservative Judaism* (1959) examines two significant theological debates within American Conservative Judaism during the civil rights era. The first exchange features Rabbi Eliezer A. Levi's critique of Rabbi William Malev's position on Southern rabbis and racial segregation. Levi argues that rabbis have an inviolable obligation to teach Torah's universal principles of justice and righteousness regardless of congregational or community pressures, rejecting Malev's more pragmatic approach that considers local attitudes and strategic considerations. Drawing upon prophetic tradition and concepts of *kiddush hashem*, Levi contends that accommodating segregationist sentiments constitutes an abdication of rabbinic responsibility and undermines Jewish moral authority. The second exchange involves Rabbi Jack Milgrom's scholarly response to Rabbi Samuel Dresner's essay on kashrut observance. Milgrom challenges several theological and historical assertions in Dresner's work, particularly regarding vegetarianism in biblical and rabbinic thought, the primary meaning of kashrut as sanctification of eating, and the practical implications of demanding consistent observance standards. He argues for a more historically nuanced understanding of dietary laws rooted in reverence for life rather than sanctification of consumption, while advocating for acceptance of "double standards" as a realistic accommodation to modern Jewish life. Both exchanges reflect fundamental tensions within Conservative Judaism between idealistic religious principles and pragmatic communal realities, illustrating the movement's ongoing struggle to balance traditional Jewish law with contemporary circumstances.