Jewish conversion law faces a critical challenge in modern America: how to maintain halakhic integrity while responding to the growing phenomenon of conversionary marriages. The foundations of Conservative Judaism's approach to conversion (giyyur) rest on two paradigms - religious commitment through acceptance of mitzvot and ethnic identification through bodily transformation. Through analysis of classical rabbinic sources, medieval commentaries, and modern responsa, this examination reveals that while conversion requirements derive from the Sinai paradigm, demanding circumcision, immersion, and acceptance of Torah obligations, these elements serve distinct functions within the conversion process. Conservative conversion practice should prioritize welcoming potential converts rather than rejecting them, interpreting kabbalat mitzvot as sincere religious commitment rather than perfect observance. Proper ritual procedures performed before qualified courts maintain halakhic validity while accommodating contemporary pastoral needs. Understanding conversion as acquiring "spiritual citizenship" in Am Israel offers a balanced framework that honors both religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity while serving intermarried families seeking Jewish unity.