Rabbi Bar Kappara and Homosexuality
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A provocative rabbinic discourse on forbidden sexual practices, delivered by Bar Kappara at a prestigious wedding celebration, concealed a pointed social critique aimed at specific members of the rabbinic elite. When Bar Kappara chose to expound on the biblical term *to'evah* (abomination) at Rabbi Judah HaNasi's son's wedding, his interpretation of "you are misleading her" (*to'eh atah bah*) served dual purposes: as commentary on women married to homosexual men in traditional Jewish society, and as veiled criticism of Rabbi's daughter's marriage to Ben El'asa. Through analysis of rabbinic sources, manuscript comparison, and historical contextualization of Roman cultural influences in Talmudic Palestine, this research reveals how Ben El'asa's "Julianic" hairstyle—reminiscent of feminine Roman imperial fashion—likely signaled homosexual tendencies to his contemporaries. His abrupt departure following Bar Kappara's discourse further supports this interpretation. Traditional midrashic interpretation techniques illuminate how this seemingly inappropriate wedding discourse actually represented a sophisticated use of halakhic exposition to voice delicate social criticism within the constraints of rabbinic discourse, demonstrating the complex interplay between religious texts, social commentary, and personal relationships in rabbinic literature.

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Published 2004
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Gil Nativ