On the Restoring the Preeminence of The
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Friday evening Shabbat services, though cherished in American Conservative Judaism, may have outlived their original purpose. When Reform Judaism introduced these services to accommodate working congregants unable to attend traditional Saturday morning worship, they met a crucial economic need. Today, however, Conservative synagogues face dwindling Friday attendance despite growing membership rolls, suggesting a profound shift in American Jewish religious practice. Through historical analysis and congregational case studies, particularly the successful transition at Detroit's Congregation Shaarey Zedek, this research demonstrates how the five-day work week and improved economic conditions have eliminated the original rationale for Friday services. Congregational bulletins and rabbinical testimonies reveal a clear pattern: while Friday attendance declines, Saturday morning services—as exemplified by Shaarey Zedek's consistent attendance exceeding 400 congregants—continue to draw robust participation. The evidence suggests that returning to traditional Saturday morning worship as the primary service would both honor authentic Jewish tradition and align with contemporary American religious patterns. Based on these findings, the author proposes that the Rabbinical Assembly and United Synagogue implement a coordinated strategy to guide Conservative congregations through this transition.

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Milton Arm