Modern cosmology's discovery of the Big Bang has reopened vital questions about divine creation in Jewish theology, reversing decades of marginalization of creation doctrine that occurred when science assumed an eternal universe. Through comparative analysis of contemporary Jewish theological responses - particularly works by Gerald Schroeder and Daniel Matt - alongside critical examination of traditional sources like Maimonides and Nahmanides, significant tensions emerge between literalist and mystical approaches to harmonizing scientific and religious accounts. While literalist attempts to establish precise correspondence between biblical six-day creation and the scientific timeline of 15 billion years face substantial problems, as exemplified in Schroeder's time-dilation hypothesis, mystical interpretations offer more promising pathways by emphasizing convergent insights about cosmic origins without demanding exact agreement. The methodology combines critical textual analysis of both modern cosmological theory and classical Jewish sources to evaluate various theological responses. This research demonstrates that Big Bang cosmology provides compelling grounds for reviving traditional arguments for divine creation while maintaining appropriate boundaries between scientific and theological domains. A midrashic interpretive approach emerges as most constructive - one that draws meaningful connections between scientific and religious narratives without forcing artificial harmonization, thereby enriching both theological understanding and spiritual meaning-making in contemporary Jewish thought.