Breaking the Teeth of the Wicked
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Hatred pulses through the Book of Psalms in passages modern devotional literature often omits - verses calling for breaking enemies' teeth and dashing children against rocks. While the Torah mentions enemies (*oyev*) fifty times, primarily referring to hostile foreign nations, the Psalms invoke personal enemies over seventy times in startlingly intimate terms. Close reading of Hebrew terminology and contextual analysis reveals these enemies were likely not foreign adversaries but rather colleagues and fellow worshipers, suggesting bitter internal conflicts between priests and Levites in post-exilic Jerusalem. Through textual analysis and comparative study across the Psalter, patterns emerge showing these passages reflect a deeper spiritual reality: the path toward divine communion inherently attracts opposition, often from those within one's own religious community who should offer support. Rather than viewing these violent verses as inappropriate for spiritual literature, they serve as authentic expressions of the isolation and challenges inherent in genuine spiritual seeking, offering important lessons about finding validation in divine rather than human approval.

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Published 2000
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Martin Cohen