The perennial tension between religious faith and scientific rationality finds fresh examination in Jacob Julius Guttmann's "Religion and Science," a collection of essays that represents a vital contribution to modern Jewish philosophical thought. Through comprehensive analysis of Guttmann's scattered German writings from the early twentieth century and his later Hebrew articles from Israel, the collection emerges as a crucial supplement to his seminal "History of Jewish Philosophy." As a believing Jew shaped by German idealism and Kantian philosophy, Guttmann crafted a nuanced framework that upholds both religious autonomy and scientific inquiry. Following medieval predecessors like Maimonides, he grants primacy to religious revelation while carving out legitimate space for philosophical reasoning. While Guttmann excels more in critical exposition than systematic construction—particularly in his pioneering insights into Jewish-Islamic philosophical connections—his work squarely confronts modern Judaism's central challenge: maintaining traditional observance (mitzvot) while embracing critical historical scholarship. His proposed resolution, which accepts divine commands for holiness and ethical monotheism while questioning the divine origin of specific ritual laws, offers an influential but ultimately unresolved philosophical framework for navigating this enduring tension.