Mordecai Kaplan's penetrating critique of Rabbi A.J. Karp's attempt to forge a unified Conservative Jewish theology reveals fundamental challenges in reconciling diverse theological positions within modern Judaism. Through systematic analysis of Karp's treatment of Judaism's core concepts - God, Torah, and Israel - Kaplan demonstrates how Karp's eclectic synthesis falls short of establishing a distinctive Conservative theological framework. Karp's emphasis on ineffable "God-consciousness" provides an inadequate foundation for vital religious practice, while his heterodox position on Torah effectively denies traditional revelation without addressing the practical implications of treating Sinai as theological metaphor rather than historical event. Similarly, Karp's novel interpretation of Jewish chosenness, which credits Israel with recognizing universal human chosenness, proves logically strained given documented Jewish moral failings. The analysis establishes that Conservative Judaism, like its Orthodox and Reform counterparts, represents a coalition movement spanning "right, center, and left" positions. Rather than achieving synthetic unity, Conservative Judaism encompasses three distinct theological approaches - "AS IF," "AS WAS," and "AS IS" - suggesting that theological diversity, not uniformity, defines the movement's character.