The Problem of Evil
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Can an all-powerful and benevolent God coexist with evil? This enduring theological paradox has challenged religious thinkers for millennia. Through critical analysis of prominent philosophical solutions, including Henri Bergson's limited divine omnipotence and Milton Steinberg's evolutionary framework, significant gaps emerge in traditional approaches to theodicy. Steinberg's theory particularly falls short in explaining natural disasters and mischaracterizes certain human drives as primitive remnants rather than essential aspects of human nature. A systematic examination of natural and social evils reveals an alternative explanation: evil manifests not as an independent force, but as the misuse or excess of fundamentally beneficial processes necessary for universal functioning and human existence. This framework suggests that evil's possibility serves as a prerequisite for human free will and moral development, positioning humans as partners in divine creation through their struggle against adversity. Such an understanding preserves both divine benevolence and human moral responsibility while offering a coherent explanation for evil's persistence in a divinely created universe.

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Published 1946
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Israel Lebendiger