This annotated bibliography examines scholarly literature on the Book of Esther, addressing three primary questions that extend beyond the traditional festive interpretation of Purim. The study employs a comprehensive review of secondary sources to explore fundamental issues surrounding the biblical text. First, the analysis investigates whether the Book of Esther combines two distinct narratives or represents a unified literary work, examining theories by Bickerman regarding dual plots involving Esther and Mordecai versus arguments for narrative coherence by Gordis and Fisch. Second, the bibliography explores intertextual relationships between Esther and other biblical texts, particularly connections to wisdom literature, the Joseph narrative, the Exodus account, and the Saul-Agag story in Samuel. Third, the work addresses contemporary theological and sociological implications of the text for modern Jewish life in diaspora communities. Key findings reveal scholarly consensus on significant literary parallels between the Esther and Joseph narratives, evidence of wisdom literature characteristics, and deliberate connections to earlier biblical accounts of Jewish survival in foreign lands. The analysis demonstrates that beneath Purim's celebratory elements lies sophisticated theological reflection on divine providence, Jewish identity in exile, and the dynamics of political power. The bibliography concludes that the Book of Esther offers profound insights into Jewish diaspora existence, balancing religious identity with political pragmatism while affirming divine protection through seemingly natural events.