How can modern Jewish theology reconcile traditional beliefs about God with contemporary philosophical challenges? Three recent works offer distinct yet complementary approaches to this fundamental question. Neil Gillman's *Sacred Fragments* develops a symbolist framework influenced by Paul Tillich, positioning all theological language as metaphorical expressions emerging from shared religious experience—though this raises questions about theology's ultimate referent. David J. Wolpe's *The Healer of Shattered Hearts* grounds itself in rabbinic and midrashic traditions to advocate for an experiential theology centered on a personal God who shares in human suffering and provides existential meaning. David Birnbaum's *God and Evil* constructs a systematic philosophical theodicy through his "Quest for Potential" framework, addressing divine omnipotence and evil through concepts of divine contraction and human free will. A comparative analysis reveals that while each approach contributes valuable elements—symbolic flexibility, pastoral relevance, and intellectual rigor respectively—significant philosophical and theological tensions persist in contemporary Jewish theological discourse.