Religious traditions are powerfully reemerging in public discourse and intellectual life, defying decades of predictions about inevitable secularization. As contemporary society shifts away from pure Enlightenment rationalism toward a more complex post-modern paradigm, new opportunities for religious consciousness have emerged. Through historical-theological analysis and the application of Thomas Kuhn's paradigm theory to broader socio-cultural transformations, this research reveals how purely secular rationalism - from its seventeenth-century origins through two world wars, the Holocaust, and environmental degradation - has demonstrated serious limitations. Rather than representing an anti-modern reaction, post-modernity synthesizes Enlightenment critical methods with transcendent perspectives that extend beyond reductionist materialism. The analysis shows that authentic religious traditions, particularly the Abrahamic faiths of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, can serve vital contemporary functions: providing ethical frameworks for science and technology, offering systems of ultimate meaning, and establishing foundations for interfaith dialogue. These findings suggest that religion's role in post-modern society is not diminishing but evolving, as faith traditions adapt to engage with contemporary challenges while preserving their essential spiritual insights.