Jewish historical experience offers crucial yet often overlooked lessons for navigating Israel's contemporary challenges. Drawing from Jewish textual sources and historical analysis, two fundamental principles emerge as especially relevant: the inherent limitations of military power, as evidenced from the Exodus through two millennia of Diaspora life, and the moral imperative to treat outsiders with dignity, repeatedly emphasized in Torah law. These traditional teachings stand in stark contrast to Israel's modern military engagements, particularly during the Lebanon War, revealing a disconnect between historical wisdom and current statecraft. Through examination of three critical areas - military and political power, religious pluralism, and Israel-Diaspora relations - the research demonstrates how Jewish tradition can inform present-day governance. The findings suggest that Israel's future stability depends on implementing religious freedom through separation of synagogue and state, with the Tali educational system serving as a promising model. Recent developments show encouraging signs in Israel-Diaspora relations, including growing acceptance of permanent Diaspora communities and increased receptivity to external critique, especially regarding military actions. This theoretical framework, grounded in Jewish texts and historical analysis, provides concrete guidance for addressing Israel's most pressing contemporary challenges.