The Legacy of Yamit Letter from Jerusale
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The 1982 evacuation of Yamit and surrounding settlements in the Sinai Peninsula laid bare a fundamental schism in Israeli society that persists today: the irreconcilable tension between religious-nationalist ideology and pragmatic governance. As Israeli forces removed 2,000-3,000 squatters from settlements mandated for withdrawal under the Camp David Agreement, Orthodox nationalists from Gush Emunim joined with secular revisionists in mounting fierce resistance through fundraising, propaganda, and physical confrontation. Through participant observation, interviews with settlers and religious leaders, and analysis of media coverage and government actions, this research reveals how religious authorities, including the Chief Rabbinate, took ambiguous stances while the government delayed addressing illegal settlement activities. The escalating clashes between protesters and Israeli Defense Forces highlighted a deeper societal conflict between those viewing Torah injunctions as supreme civil authority and those embracing political pragmatism. These divisions, dramatically exposed during the Yamit crisis, continue to challenge Israeli democracy and social cohesion, offering crucial insights into contemporary tensions over territorial withdrawal and religious authority in Israeli politics.

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Published 1982
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Theodore Friedman